Fighting Ruben Wolfe Essay

The novel ‘Fighting Ruben Wolfe’ written by Marcus Zusak is about the Wolfe family, it’s about them fighting, fighting for the same reason against different opponents. They fight for their family and their pride. Marcus Zusak shows how Ruben is fighting against himself, he wants to prove himself although he is a winner. Cameron is fighting to find his place in society and to discover who he really is. Mr Wolfe (Clifford) is fighting for his pride and for his family because he doesn’t want to let his family down. He feels really guilty for losing his job and not earning any money for his family. Clifford Wolfe is a very proud, hardworking, husband and father. In the book â€Å"Fighting Ruben Wolfe† Markus Zusak shows how Clifford lives his life for his family, everything he does is for his family and their reputation but Clifford loses his job and becomes broke and struggling to find money. â€Å"Dad- the plumber, who had an accident at work a few months ago and lost all of his jobs. Sure, insurance paid for his injuries, but now he’s just plain out of work for it. Page 15. After the accident he devotes his life to protecting the family name and his pride, his wife has to start working long hours to earn enough money for their family which he hates. He goes door to door looking for work but does not succeed. Towards the end of the book Mr Wolfe finally decides to go to the dole office which he hates to do but has no other option. Fortunately his family stop him before he gets t he dole which makes Clifford’s pride rocket upwards. In his eyes there is nothing worse than going to get the dole. In the end the family is back to normal with enough money to live on. Ruben is a fighter, he fights for his pride but he is also fighting against himself. It’s like he feels he has to prove himself to himself. In the book Ruben faces his family’s reputation going quickly downhill after Ruben and Cameron hear a guy at their school calling their sister Sarah a slut behind her back. Ruben beats up the guy and it is then that he realises he actually has a reason to fight. He needs to fight and not just win. He needs to get his family’s good reputation back. â€Å"We gotta lift† page 74. This quote shows Ruben deciding he has to lift his game and start showing some responsibility, if they don’t they will slowly but surely lose their good reputation as well as their money. Cameron is a fighter but he is not a winner like Ruben. Cameron is fighting to find his place in society and to give himself more confidence. He has been hidden in Rubens shadow all his life and now he wants to be someone and stand on his own two feet. He needs to fight to earn money for his family and make them proud of him and to help them as much as he can. Cameron thinks all the time but never really says what he is thinking. The fighting helps Cameron come out of his shell and become a winner as well as a fighter. He has always just accepted the fact that Ruben was the winner, he would always be in second place. â€Å"There are four weeks now until I fight my brother. Fighting Ruben Wolfe. I wonder how it will feel. What will it be like to fight him – not in our backyard, but in the ring, under all the lights, and with the crowd watching and cheering and waiting for the blood? † Page 138. This will be the fight that determines whether Cameron can be a winner as well as a fighter. In conclusion everyone in the Wolfe family was fighting, Cameron was fighting become a winner as well as a fighter, Ruben was fighting become a fighter as well as a winner, Clifford Wolfe was trying to keep his pride and the Wolfe family’s good reputation out of harm’s way and they all succeed in doing so.

Autism Observation Paper Essay

Autism is a physical condition linked to abnormal biology and chemistry in the brain. Even though the causes for these abnormalities are unknown, there been a number of possible ways to have autism. For example the mothers diet while being pregnant, digestive track changes, mercury poisoning (which is one of the most well known reasonings), the body’s inability to properly use vitamins and minerals, or vaccine sensitivity. Many parents worry that giving their child a vaccine may lead up to them having autism, and being that a child can seem normal up to eighteen months, parents sometimes would rather wait till the child’s older to give them shots. However it’s important to think of your child’s risks of not having the vaccination. All routine childhood vaccines are available in single-dose forms that do not contain added mercury. Studies have shown that autism effect’s more boys in the world then girls. Some doctors believe’s the increase incidence of autism is from learning new definitions of autism. For example a child that is diagnosed with high-functioning autism today, was probably looked at as odd or strange thirty years ago. Some symptoms parents start to notice around eighteen months is while pretend play, social interactions or verbal or non-verbal communications. Some children appear normal up to age two and then start to regress, lose language and social skills they have gained, which is called regressive autism. Some examples are sensitivity to sight, hearing, touch, smell, or taste. Have unusual distress, repeats body movements, or shows unusual attachments to objects. Some symptoms can moderate to severe like communicating with gestures instead of words, cannot start a conversation, speaks slow or not at all or repeats words that they’ve remembered from before. Children with autism usually don’t make friends, shows lack of empathy, may treat people like objects, or is withdrawn. Some act up, have short attention spans, or gets stuck on single topics. A child with autism can’t exactly go through a day like a normal child, but with help from others, they can definitely try to. They are very smart children, just may have a harder time understanding and doing things. For my site visit, I visited an after school program call â€Å"The Ymywaha† which is owned privately. In the classroom I visited the children were twos and threes. There were about fifteen kids in the class including two autistic boys around three years old. There was one main teacher, and assistant teacher and a helper for the two boys. I visited this class from three-thirty pm to around four-forty five pm. When I arrived the children were coming in from playing on the playground. They came in washed their hands and got ready to sit and talk about the butterflies they were growing in class. At this point, their butterflies were still in cacoons. Not only did they have butterflies in the classroom they had baby chicks. The children were well behaved and cooperated with the teachers. Except for one little boy, he was one that is autistic. When the teacher gathered the children to talk about their butterflies, he wanted to play with the baby chicks. He turned around ignored the class and stared at the baby chicks. A little long after, he picked up one of the chicks and held on to it really tight. His helper asked him to put the chick back, but he refused, she asked again and he refused, She then explained that they are talking about the butterflies right now and after then were done then he can play with the baby chicks. He dropped the chick and ran out the classroom. The helper teacher ran after him and spoke to him out in the hall. He walked back in calmly and sat with his other children. When I asked, I was told he was very rebellious. Quickly he got involved with the butterflies and forgot about wanting to play with the baby chicks. Meanwhile the other little boy with autism in the same class was more withdrawn from everyone. He was very quite and didn’t say or want to do much. He didn’t really interact with the other children. When I asked about him, the teachers explained that he doesn’t speak very well, but he’s very smart. It would take him a while to get things done but he does a great job. During the day at daycare he had speech classes to help his development in language. I enjoyed my visit. It taught me not one but, about two types of autism and helped me understand it a little better. I got to witness an autistic child act-up and see how a teacher would handle that child. I also enjoy the children in the class. I couldn’t believe how smart those little people are.

Bipolar disorder type 1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bipolar disorder type 1 - Research Paper Example Treatment is demanding with stakeholders having to deal with the commitments and outcomes that come with treatment and post-treatment procedures. Society has to address the needs of such patients hence need for efficient nursing and health care. With proper medical attention, patients can turn their lives around and become productive in the society. The disorder can be addressed with timely diagnosis and efficient treatment procedures. Health facilities have a key role to play in nursing and care of the affected patients regardless of age. Bipolar is a disorder that is characterized by episodic manic and depressive moods that have extremes in polarity, and may impair the patient resulting in the inability to function in daily life activities. The patient portrays inflated self-esteem, has a tendency to be overly talkative, and has reduced desire to sleep or rest. The patient tends to have new ideas. He engages more in goal and objective oriented activities, and his focus is easily distracted from a given issue. Moreover, patients also portray a daring attitude in engaging in risky activities (Bengesser, 2013). The patient at time is disrupted as the symptoms are severe enough to hamper his ability to engage in constructive activities and engage socially with others. The patient tends to be unrealistic and illogical, and the situation can escalate making him psychotic (Goodwin, 2010). A patient with Bipolar I disorder could experience a minimum of one â€Å"mixed† incident at a given time. As such, the patient g oes through phases of ups and downs (Bengesser, 2013). The patient at one moment is excited, has remarkable self-esteem, but then the situation reverses to a low mood hence the term mixed episode. The patient has no stable mood sequence and the reactions to everyday social situations are varied. The mood swing disrupts him/her and performs poorly in constructive activities (Goodwin, 2010). This would have some implication on

Factors Impacting Ethical Behavior in a Chinese State owned Essay

Factors Impacting Ethical Behavior in a Chinese State owned steelCompany - Essay Example To a larger extent, it can be observed that the work environment significantly impacts on the ethical behaviour of the employees in the organization. China’s business ethics is based on Confucianism and this also shapes the work environment in different organizations (Fu & Deshpande, 232). The ethical climate that exists in the organization greatly shapes the ethical behaviour of the Chinese employees. This environment shapes the values, perceptions as well as the beliefs that shape the behaviour of people. Likewise, Chinese employees are likely to learn from others within the organization and they will behave in a way that reflects the organization’s values and norms. In a country with uncertainty avoidance like China, it has been observed that the climate in the Chinese steel organization is shaped by such rule and this ultimately shapes ethical behaviour of the employee (Fu & Deshpande, 235). Thus, the prescribed values that obtain in the work environment significant ly shape the ethical behaviour of the Chinese employees. The other significant factor that shapes ethical behaviour of the Chinese is related to employee evaluation of self and other co-workers. As noted by Fu & Deshpande (235), employees in the steel industry share collectivist behaviour and this also shapes their ethical behaviour. The employees are greatly influenced by the behaviour of their co-workers since they would not want to be found on the wrong side of the law. In most cases, if the employees see other people in the organization behaving wrongly then they are not punished, they are likely to follow suit. Likewise, if the co-workers see others being rewarded for good behaviour, they will also behave in a positive way. Therefore, to a larger extent, it can be noted that the way employees evaluate themselves and their co-workers significantly impacts on their ethical behaviour in the

The Transition Process in Hospital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Transition Process in Hospital - Essay Example Another main strategy is assisting the patients in managing and preventing their health decline. The nurse should assure the patient of extended home follow-ups to the appropriate time. The care given should be consistent and continuous in order to gain confidence from an individual. As a result, proper guidance is facilitated by the nurses in charge (Silvestri, 2010). In addition, nurses should ensure that the medical records are reconciled and well managed. All information regarding the patient’s health progress while at the hospital should be put into durable and easily accessed records. The administration of medication should be conducted at the indicated time and in the right doses. Therefore, the nurse facilitates the availability of medicine at home to avoid situations where improper treatment occurs. Importantly, points of accountability should be established where care is well offered to the patient. Nurses should use professional care and case management coordination for a fulfilling transitional process that effective. The importance of this process cannot be overlooked as it is key to full recovery. Therefore, prioritizing the steps is a vital factor as they all create a safe and clean transition. Many hospitals use the evidence-based model for efficient patient delivery (Silvestri, 2010).

What is linguistic incompetence What communication and language Essay

What is linguistic incompetence What communication and language challenges do deaf inmates face in prison What is a CDI and what role do they play in the court - Essay Example This has a minimal impact to native speakers of given language (Duranti, 2008, p. 31).L 8-14. There are several problems facing the deaf inmates in most prisons. The major one is a communication challenge. Deafness is a state of inability to hear and a disability on the side of verbal information. Most deaf people do not use English as a native language and probably have neither language nor information as many of them use ASL. This ASL language is not easy to be of use in court terminologies as it involves purely sign language (Andrews J. F., 2012, p. 3) L 1-4. When deaf people face culmination on the side of criminal justice, they face a deep nightmare. In prison, they are usually, send into the world with difficulty understand the language of both the fellow inmates and prison officers. When individuals who are not able to conceptualize a spoken word respond, they jumble funny sounds to communicate. This sends a bad signal to jailers resulting to ill information. In most cases, this has resulted to false confessions and injustices, as there is the lack of proper expressive way to interrogate the deaf defendant and probably who have no better understanding of they are rights in both court and prisons (Andrews J. F., 2012, p. 9) L22-26. The sign language of deaf people consists of cued speech, hand spellings, and mime and other physical mannerism. In most of the jails and prisons, there are very few trained interpreters of this information. Most crisis and prison pitfalls leave most of the deaf inmates with little information resources in the absence of fellow deaf inmates. In most cases, the inmates and officers might misinterpret the inability of deaf people to follow orders as a sign of impudence and this earns them to inappropriate punishments (Andrews, 2011, p. 48) L18-25. This deaf inmate does not even understand the reason for the punishment hence the torment continues with great suffering to the poor deaf inmate. The

Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Annotated Bibliography - Essay Example Subsequently, it gives an analysis of data expectations pegged on those in favor of marijuana. It is a site, which portray a tight difference in votes linking it, to accounts of marijuana usage, a factor important in my research. It is in this regards that the site becomes an advance area for my research. Moffatt, M., â€Å"Time to Legalize Marijuana? – 500+ Economists Endorse Marijuana Legalization,† About.com, Accessed 31 July 2012. Retrieved from http://economics.about.com/od/incometaxestaxcuts/a/legalize_pot.htm Legalizing, regulating or taxing marijuana has associated projected revenue. For example, board of equalization’s estimate $1.4 billion potential revenue, from marijuana if regulation is imposed through taxation. This is based on a non-assumed validation of $50/ounce tax not eliminating profit motive and black market dealers. This is an extremely significant information considering the topic of legalizing marijuana. The economic sustainability becomes one of the areas of research prevailing in the current world. It is from this perspective that the site becomes an outrageous source of data for a compulsive analysis of marijuana legalization. In addition, the site provides figure estimates of marijuana legalization as well as the disadvantages of legalization. Last but importantly, the site gives methodologies for establishing standards in legalizing marijuana. This is important for detailed research data. Jan, C. Van Ours, Cannabis use when it's legal, Addictive Behaviors 32 (2007): 1441{ 1450. Drug policies remain one of the contentious issues, which attract emotional charged responses from policy bearers. Is an area of concern especially voter, who shape the outcome using various perspectives according to individual preference and consumption differences. These are some of the information found in the journal by van ours is relevant in my study on the topic of legalizing marijuana. Predictions into various situations likely to arise due to marijuana legalization are a contentious issue, which is a priority of many governments legalizing marijuana. The journal, in addition, provides pro stance information in correlation with past marijuana users an information vital in making a decision before legalizing marijuana. Last but importantly, it is a source of reflective information from abstainers and past users an information necessary in my area of research. Welchand, William M. and Leinwand, Donna. â€Å"Slowly, states are lessening limits on marijuana.† USA TODAY, 2010. Accesed on 31 July 2012, Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2010-03-08-marijuana_N.htm The site provides information on various countries considering legalizing marijuana. It gives the history of marijuana beginning with all the laws that protect people as well as any attempts in the past to legalize it. From the site, 20,000 police officers consider legalizing marijuana a right step towards reducing the crime. Conseq uently, the book covers marijuana as a medical plant used in various health institutions for treatment. The book is therefore important in the debate of discussion legalization of marijuana as it also analyses the effects of regulating marijuana on the economy as well as on taxation. Last but importantly, the book concludes giving both sides of main topic of discussion, legalizing

Key Factors Affect In Car Buying In Shanghai Dissertation

Key Factors Affect In Car Buying In Shanghai - Dissertation Example There were also several corporations that distorted the place of factories in China from dispensation trade bases to production bases for domestic supply depending on the market expansion. In the case of processed food manufacturers, the position of Chinese factories thus far was to process worldwide procured raw materials in China and export them to Japan. This approach is based on the opinion concerning modify in the consumer market that the insist for processed food will produce because there are many dual-income families and families in China often go out for Long routed drive (Kim, L., 2003, 506-521). Findings Consumer market growing at multiple levels According to the latest research, In the Chinese market, the purchasing power of heart income earners and over is increasing in the urban areas of coastal regions. In addition, incomes are rising in the urban areas in the inland and northeastern regions, and consumer behavior is ahead momentum in wide-ranging regions and income groups. At the same time, though, it has become clear from this study that there are lots of factors that cannot be precise by averages, such as differences in consumer behavior in the urban and rural areas in the Chinese market as well as disparities in consumer behavior by income group inside cities as well. Retailers such as Car dealers that have entered the Chinese market have seen strapping business results in China, which has acceded to the WTO and is rapidly making progress in deregulation.

Diversity and Cross Cultural Differences in Work places Essay Example for Free

Diversity and Cross Cultural Differences in Work places Essay Diversity and Cross-Cultural Differences in Workplaces Introduction            Different people have different mental structures due to the diverse type of personality and cultural background. The study of psychology has enabled people to know about the mental functioning of others making it easier individuals and groups to understand one another. Since people must interact in the day-to-day activities, there is need to harmonize this differences and create an environment where every member feel a sense of belonging. Psychological counseling plays an important role in preparing individuals to be more appreciative the cultural and personality difference existing between people. Psychology counseling is a field of psychology focusing on the personal and interpersonal working and on the emotional, social and health related issues of individuals and groups of people. This paper addresses issues arising from interaction of people with differences culture and behaviors. It also focuses on criminal investigation process in the psychological perspective.            Key words: psychopathology, personality, behavioral therapy, individualistic, diversity Diversity and Cross-Cultural Differences in Workplaces            Every individual is characterized by a unique pattern of thoughts, behaviors and feeling that contribute to individual’s psychological structure. Despite the fact that each individual is unique in personality resulting in diversity in peoples’ way of lives, people have always found themselves in crowds- be it in schools, places of worship, or any other social, political or economic gathering. Leininger and McFarland (2006) writes that the need to coexist in harmony compels persons to sometimes subordinate individual goals so that they can accomplish the goals of a group. Those individuals who are not mentally ready to accept the cultural and personality diversity between different people often find it hard to coexist with others.            Psychopathology has enabled counseling psychologist to understand the various aspects of one’s mental structure including genetic and biological issues. Psychologists are able to identify people who undergo atypical or disordered development from those with normal or typical development. It is paramount for coworkers to be aware of their colleagues’ mental structure so as to engage in the right way with them. This is crucial for the creation and maintenance of a healthy and productive working environment that is composed of persons with diverse personalities. In such a set up where workplace colleagues have to cope with different personality traits, one may find it hard to maintain a stable mental behavior and physical emotions and may suffer from maladjustment in case one is in a new environment. Counseling psychologists help such persons to alleviate distress and improve their wellbeing (Woolfe Dryden, 1996). They also provide patients with assessm ent and treatment of psychological issues.            Through behavioral analysis, one is able to systematically analyze another person’s or one’s own behavior so as to know cause of certain behaviors and consequently improve social interaction. Bad behaviors can be corrected or good behaviors adopted or through behavioral therapy. This is a method that is used bypsychotherapists and psychiatrists to treat mood disorders an anxiety usually caused by variables such as; social phobia, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder. According to Lesilie (2008), behavioral treatment techniques include;Role playing, discussing about coping mechanisms, breathing and relaxation method, activities to promote focus, modifications to anger, pain or fear, social skills training, positive reinforcement.            These methods focus on individuals shaping their behavior to cope with the environment. When individuals with behavioral disorders try to change their behaviors to suit that required in the workplaces, they often find themselves struggling to relate with the others and this leads to seclusion and isolation. On the other hand behavioral therapy should focus aiding individuals acquire control over their own behavior and blending it with the requirements of the workplace. This is important because one manipulates the environmentand learns to control their own behavior without compromising their personality which is vital for maximum productivity. With one’s own personality, the reception of stimuli and the response is not affected and therefore there are no negative consequences influencing the next occasion in the brain (Lesilie, 2008).            Persons who find it hard to conform to workplace ethics due to cultural mismatches should set standards for assessing their own performance and progress in behavioral therapy. Techniques such as self-management, self-control and self-regulation are used to monitor one’s progress (Woolfe Dryden, 1996). Behavioral modification procedures are not procedures to punish those people with different behaviors but they are techniques to eliminate non-conforming working behaviors and also facilitate cross-cultural understanding. The make the workplace to feel better and builds a sense of satisfactory. For psychologists to offer the relevant advice to a person suffering from mental disorder, they must first find out the patients’ personality and understand how they think, feel, relate, influence and get influenced by others.            For applied social psychologists to attend to a patient they must try to adopt the personality of the patient so that they can employ the best techniques to treat a patient without affecting the patients personality. In this perspective the psychologist is able to develop development strategies that are aimed at improving the important aspects, programs and policies for the patient to have a positive recovery. Psychologists should aim at eliminating the negative attitude that a patient may have towards colleagues or the workplace. This is aimed at improving intercultural understanding and to offer a neutral platform where no culture is viewed as less or more important than the other. With cross-cultural understanding people will tend to be more committed to working together improving productivity.            Nevertheless, cultural competence is healthy for the growth of an organization that comprises of people from diverse cultures (Leininger McFarland, 2006). This should not be overshadowed by the tendency to express cultural superiority over others but should demonstrate the ability to effectively engage in cross-cultural dialogues without intimidating or negating another person’s culture. This requires one to appreciate social psychology and be in a position to balance between positive and negative criticism on another person’s culture. Since not all people are equipped with the understanding of social psychology, training on cultural competence should be conducted to avoid such problem from arising. Some cultures are individualistic while others are communists and this play a big role in defining how coworkers exist. This necessitates the need for effective cross-cultural team-building and training.            As colleagues engage in affairs of the workplaces, each and every one of them is entitled to a certain opinion which one would like to support. If such a situation gets tense, certain body changes occur such as breathing rates and emotional changes if certain people are intimidating others for decisions to go their way. Such a phenomenon may result in one becoming uncontrollable or violent. Biological psychology is concerned with balancingwhat the mind is processing and the effects it has on the body. It analyses how ones behaviors and thoughts are affected by the brain and neurotransmitters. Various neurotransmitters have different effects on the body. For instance, neurotransmitter dopamine is responsible for movement and learning. Varying quantities of excess or too little of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the body results in disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease respectively. (Woolfe Dryden, 1996).The comprehensive nature of bio-psyc hology encompasses diversity and cross-cultural aspects of an organization. A bio-psychologist will reconcile individuals or groups of people that are not in agreement resulting in abnormal behaviors. When addressing such a conflict a bio-psychologist figures out in which area of bio-psychology the problem is. The following are the main areas of bio-psychology; sensation and perception, emotion, learning and memory, motivated behavior and control of movement (Woolfe Dryden, 1996). Through these areas, bio-psychological problems and concerns are addressed.            Another area of psychology is the forensic psychology – an area that deals with the relationship between psychology and law. When a crime occurs, a criminal investigative process takes place in order to determine the offender, motive and to allow the right punishment if any to be given to the offender. The investigation involves investigative psychologist who explores the relationships between the offender and the nature of the crime that has been committed. The investigation process has the following major areas; investigating the crime, gathering evidence, use of technology, search and seizure, arresting and charging the offender who may also undergo detention and interrogation (Simon, 2012). Throughout this process forensic psychologists are involved as they help to establish a connection between an offender and the crimes committed. Essentially the forensic psychologist offers the following services during investigation process: evaluating the risks of r eoffending by the offender, child custody evaluation, recommending the length of the sentence to be handed to the offender, competence evaluation and testimony as an expert witness.            Simon (2012) says that throughout this period from crime commission to when the sentence is passed, a forensic psychologist will engage with the suspected offended in an attempt to get insight on the motive behind the offence. In some cases, the offender may be suffering from a mental disorder and it is the duty of the psychologist to psychological expertise to provide analysis and recommendations in the criminal case. In addition a psychiatrics’ examination is required to determine whether the offender/suspect suffers from a mental illness an opinion that is taken to be of very high value by the court since it might require the court to charge the offender as a mentally challenged person and this also influences the type of prison the offender is to serve the sentence. In conclusion psychological is an aspects great and delicate influence on the diversity and cross cultural differences existing in workplaces. Coworkers should work towards enhancing intercul tural understanding and acceptance. References Leininger, M.M. McFarland, R.M. (2006). Culture Care Diversity and Universality: A Worldwide Nursing Theory. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. Lesilie, C.J. (2008). Principles of Behavioral Analysis. Hove, UA: Psychology pr.Simon ,D. (2012). In Doubt. The Psychology of the Criminal Justice Process. Cambridge, CB: Havard University Press.Woolfe, A, Dryden, W. (1996). Handbook of Counseling Psychology. Oxfordshire, OS: Carfax International Publishers. Source document

Narayan Murthys Retirement Speech Essay Example for Free

Narayan Murthys Retirement Speech Essay Different people run out of endurance and intellectual horsepower at different points of time. Some people drop out of the marathon since they do not see any value in an organization when their own time under the arc light is over. A leaders responsibility is to recognize this, provide them opportunities outside the organization, and usher in suitable replacements. Infosys journey is replete with many such examples. The Essence of Leadership : Many intelligent people possess a high ego and low patience to deal with people less capable than themselves. Leaders have to manage this anomaly very carefully; counsel these errant people from time to time, and allow them to operate as long as they do not become dysfunctional and start harming the organization. If they do cross the threshold it takes courage to inform the individuals that their time in the organization is over and that they have to leave. However, one aspect that marks out a truly superior organization is the ability of its employees at all levels to be driven by values and to ensure adherence and compliance under any circumstance. No individual is high or important enough for an organization to put up with non compliance. Leadership by example is what creates trust in people to follow a leader. As long as a leader is able to show his or her sacrifice and commitment to a cause others will follow him or her I am glad we decided on respect from our stakeholders (customers, employees, investors, vendor, partners, government of the land and the society) as the primary objective of the company. I have seen hundreds of instances of such leadership-by-example at Infosys. A sense of ownership among employees is extremely important to build a long term future for a corporation. Such ownership comes from fair merit based and generous sharing of wealth and perquisites among each member of the company. This is my answer to many of my friends who wonder why when Infosys was founded I took a small percentage of my earlier salary while every other cofounders salary was increased by at least 10 per cent. The same friends tell me that they do not know of any other instance where as much as 10 to 15 per cent of the company equity was given to co-founders who had just 12 to 18 months of work experience. I do not know of any Indian company that has given away as much as Rs 50,000 crore (at current stock prices) of stock options to employees. Today; every Indian employee at every level who joined us on or before March 2010 is a stockholder of Infosys. The point I would like to make is that such acts demonstrate that our leaders walked the talk in sacrifice and commitment. Strategy is about ensuring sustained differentiation m a changing environment for better net income margins Differentiation without better net income margins is meaningless. In my opinion operating margins and earnings before taxes depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) are not appropriate measures. In fact the best measure of differentiation is the per capita free cash flow generated. Such cash flows bring cash to invest in better people research and development infrastructure training and better customer and employee confidence The famous Harvard historian Niall Ferguson says in his book Civilization: The West and the Rest that the six attributes that have made Western civilization dominant during the last five hundred years are ompetition, science, property rights, medicine, consumption and a good work ethic. I have been saying for many years now that the factors that differentiate a corporation from its competitors are an enduring value system open mindedness, pluralistic and meritocratic approach and practicing speed, imagination and excellence in execution. Leaders have to focus on creating such an environment. The Essence of Leadership : Leadershi p is about taking bold and firm decisions with incomplete information in an environment of uncertainty: Leaders who waffle do not inspire confidence in their people. It is important to use as much data and modeling as possible to eliminate clearly bad decisions. My decision to walk away from a Fortune 10 company when they contributed 25 % of our revenue was one such example of decision making under uncertainty. It was a tough decision that was taken so firmly and calmly that the head of sales at Infosys at that time thought I was not bothered about the future of the company! I had to explain to him that I did indeed agonize over it but that as a leader I could not be driven by panic since such an important decision required a calm and composed mind. Every leader must have a mental model of his or her business with at best five to seven parameters that determine sensitivity to revenue and net income. It is important to update that model suitably as the business landscape changes. Any leader who cannot quickly do such sensitivity calculation would not be able to take quick and bold decisions. Even today I carry and update the mental model of our business in my mind. Generosity is an essential part of a leader. It is the foundation on which teamwork is built. The ability to share the limelight with ones colleagues, the ability to step aside and give opportunity to younger people when they want that fame, power and glory: and the ability to provide a safety net of advice for them is an important aspect of strengthening the future of an organization. It is not easy to give up power, particularly when you have been the object of so much adulation. I must say that Infosys has done a good job in bringing two such transitions before I leave the portals of this company. What Makes an Organization Worldclass : Scalability is the true test of the endurance of an organization. The ability to grow successfully without losing quality productivity employee investor and customer satisfaction and the spirit of a small company is what makes Infosys a great company. We have grown from 50 customers to 620 customers from 10 projects to 6,500 projects from 100 employees to 130,820 employees from 100 sq ft to 28 million sq ft of built up space and from 100 investors to over 450,000 investors. Such a scalability exercise has been successful thanks to our PSPD model of operation. PSPD stands for Predictability of revenues, Sustainability of such predictability, Profitability of such realized revenues and Derisking. Predictability happens because of a good forecasting system that derives realistic data from the trenches and tempers it with the wisdom of senior business leaders. Sustainability refers to the systems that help the efforts of sales people beating the pavement and meeting customers to make the prediction true, the efforts of our delivery people to deliver quality products on time within budgets, and to the efforts of our finance people raising the invoice on time and collecting money on time. Profitability refers to the systems that help our people make value-based sales, follow rigorous budgeting exercises, control costs, get best value for money and ensure the agreed-upon profitability. Derisking refers to systems that identify risks in various dimensions of our operations people, geographies, technologies, application areas and services collect periodic data, review the risk levels and mitigate them. Innovation is the best instrument for creating sustained differentiation. However it must be accepted that revenues for a corporation come from well understood ideas and business models. For example, most of a banks revenues will come from borrowing money at a certain rate and lending it at a higher rate. Part of the profits from such models will be used for research and development to generate new ideas. A few of these ideas will be seeded and some of them will become mainstream revenue earners. Therefore, it is very important for a leader to focus on innovation particularly when the times are good. Customers put food on our table. Therefore, we have to have a laser focus on exceeding their expectations, being open and honest with them, and ensuring that they look good in front of their customers. Employees are the only instruments we have to make our customers and investors succeed. Therefore, we have to create an environment of openness, meritocracy; fairness, transparency, honesty and accountability amongst our employees. Our investors understand that businesses will have their share of up and downs. They want us, the management, to level with them at all times. Therefore, when in doubt, please disclose is a good policy for a corporation. Society provides customers, employees, investors, bureaucrats and politicians. Therefore, earning the goodwill of every society that we operate in is extremely important for us. Global benchmarking is a powerful instrument that helps us to improve our self-confidence, compete with the best global competitors and serve our customers better. Success and Failure We are our best friend and We are our Worst Enemies : We Indians must recognize as we have done at Infosys that we are our main enemies. There is no external enemy. Our failures are because of our lack of commitment to our cause, our inability to accept meritocracy and our indifference to honesty and want of a good work ethic amongst our leaders. Performance alone is the key differentiator. This stems from my belief that performance leads to recognition brings respect and respect brings power. Therefore if India wants to be a superpower as we keep hoping the only instrument we have is performance. We have demonstrated that businesses can be run legally and ethically that it is possible for an Indian company to benchmark with the global best and that any set of youngsters with values hard work team work and a little bit of smartness can indeed be successful entrepreneurs. This way we have enthused millions of young men and women in India. This in my opinion is Infosys greatest contribution. I have realized that humility grace and courtesy are genuine only when you have power and glory. That is why the leaders at Infosys have practiced this time and again. Humility provides us the strength of mind to learn from people better than us. Grace and courtesy make us worthy competitors. They also remind us that such glory and power are ephemeral and give us the strength to handle the days when we too could lose our shine. The crucial things we have to do in the future are to recognize our weaknesses; be open-minded about learning from people better than us; learn from our mistakes and not repeat them; be humble, honest and courteous; benchmark with the best in every dimension; use innovation to perform at global levels; and create a worthwhile vision and improve every day. This is how our mantra of focusing on speed imagination and excellence in execution will take this company very far. I have absolutely no doubt about it. I wish Kris and my fellow Infoscions the best in their journey forward. The board has been kind enough to name me the Chairman Emeritus. Therefore, I will always be there to add value if asked. Thanks, Narayana Murthy

The Problem Of Evil By John Hick | Analaysis

The Problem Of Evil By John Hick | Analaysis In this final paper I review the contemporary issue The Problem of Evil by John Hick on pages 143 to 147 of the Burr Goldfinger text. Hick has four main points in his article. First, that within the Christian doctrine there is no dilemma concern the existence of Evil because Second, the concept of Evil is necessary for the measuring of actions so that Third, human souls can choose to move nearer or farther from God, meaning that Fourth, our existence and world is a type of soul factory measuring and creating souls that are worthy to the presence of God. Some quick internet searches on John Hick reveals that he is a very well respected and prolific writer on the topic of God, Philosophy, Theology, and the relationship of Religion and Science (http://www.johnhick.org.uk/jsite/). Further he has several advanced degrees from some very prestigious universities to include a doctorate of philosophy from Oxford University and a doctorate in literature (or Letters it is not clear) from the University of Edinburgh. Hicks clear writing style and excellent arguments have clearly earned him a place of prominence within high academic circles. This article is in the section concerning God Religion. What is especially interesting, and suggests the overall quality of the thinking, is that Hick is able to turn the tables on an argument that at one time seemed to put a nail in the coffin of theology. Until reading this article, I did struggle with the dilemma of Evil against the existence of God. At first blush and even with some deeper inquiry they do seem to be at odds. These are reasonable questions: If God is all powerful and all good, why does Evil exist? Why do bad things happen to good people? And so on. Through a well thought out argument Hick addresses this, and further suggests, cleverly being able to stay within the theology and thinking of Christian doctrine, that a creator God given the goals and temperament of the Christian God, would see Evil as a necessary requirement for a world designed to create souls worthy of His presence. Summary of Article Hick has written an extensive essay outlining a philosophical argument suggesting that it is not a contradiction to believe in a Christian version of God while still acknowledging the existence of Evil in its many forms. The dilemma he is arguing against is the idea that a perfectly loving creator God would not allow, or would abolish Evil from his created world. Since we can see that Evil clearly exists, it is reasonable to assume that either there is no creator God, God is not Omni-powerful, or God must not be perfectly loving (Goldinger and Burr 143). Hick goes on to summarize Augustine, who defined Evil as a distortion of something valuable; a movement away from God by humans (Goldinger and Burr 144). This is an important distinction because it suggests that Christian doctrine does not dismiss Evil, but identifies it as having meaning and purpose within the realm created by God. It identifies direction of the soul against actions, where good actions move a soul closer to God and evil actions move a soul farther away from God. Further, Hick summarizes the Christian viewpoint of the creation of the earth not of an absolute paradise created by God for his human creations to dwell in, but as a soul factory creating believers and preparing souls to enter the presence of God (Goldinger and Burr 146). To this end, Hick suggests that a perfect world would neither serve as a vehicle to produce souls worthy of Heaven, nor be a consistent and logical place for free-willed humans to dwell. Too much inconsistency would be necessary, for example should someone fall from a height that would break their back, gravity would have to change characteristics such that the fall would not hurt them, less they suffer the pain of the injury, and so on, several of these types of analogys are offered. He further offers that without Evil there would be no measuring stick to understand good and Just actions. To that end Hick summarizes his argument by saying that the existence of Evil fits perfectly into a theological model that accepts both free will, and the ability to measure a persons soul against the actions and choices they make, where worthy souls choose good actions that move them closer to God and unworthy souls choose actions that are Evil and move then away from God. Philosophical Critique As pure philosophy goes this article is actually one of the best explanations I have ever read concerning the problem of evil within a Christian theological framework. Its underlying premise is that our world as created by God is a type of soul factory, and when viewed as such can only make logical sense is real choices can be made by us, many with the consequence of evil and harm to others. Further, within these context natural disasters that bring evil upon people is necessary, for without itself sacrifice, heroism, and true goodwill could not be attempted or offered by people, thus denying any true measurement or preparedness of the human soul to be in the presence of God. Without evil human souls would not be able to learn from their actions, observe the actions of others, and make choices that allow them to either move nearer or farther from God. If the world we created such that any choice we made could never bring evil on another, and never provide a consequence to the choice we make, our souls would never develop beyond that of spoiled children. Touch choices and touch consequences are necessary in a world designed as a proving ground for the soul. Further, without the necessary context of evil we would not be able to contemplate the true divinity of God nor of our own existence. There would be no reason to attempt any endeavor or any type beyond pure self-gratification. Since evil is necessary for the measuring of our actions within the constructs of the world as a soul factory, the reality of Evil is necessary for a creator God looking to produce real creations, and not simple automatons that are capable of evolving into something more. All of this does not justify evil actions, or provide any type of moral platform for anyone to justify an evil action, it simply provides necessary context for us to understand the reasons for our choices and why it is important to make choices that move us closer to God. What is especially interesting about this argument is that it turns the dilemma concern the existence of Evil and the existence of God on its ear, and takes an argument that at one time was believed and held onto by anti-Christians as an absolute proof against the existence of God, and makes it a pretty good argument FOR the existence of God. Not only does it dispel the dilemma, it builds on it in a very interesting way and argues that no real creator God would even consider designing a world without evil, given the other theological elements of Christianity. Conclusion Upon reviewing the arguments presented in The Problem of Evil by John Hick on pages 143 to 147 of the Burr Goldfinger text and Hicks has four main points, you discover a very well thought out and logical philosophical argument that seems to hold in both logical construct and keep its underlying assumption valid within the necessary area of Christian doctrine. The idea that God created the world as a soul factory is supported by the concept of freewill and choice, and the measurement of choice within a reality with real choices and real consequences. Upon close examination this is not a dilemma concerning the existence and nature of God, but a reassurance that Christianity is in fact based upon a rational view of the world and that it can be defended using logic and sound reason. This article interested me very much and I will be going out and purchasing some other books by Hick to see if he is able to put together complete tombs that are as well thought out and as interesting as this article was. Given that he has published over 20 books and given his academic appointments, I suspect I am in for a fun bit of reading.

The Woman In White :: Free Essays Online

Wilkie Collins, throughout his life, was haunted by what one may call a second self. As a young man he confided to Percy Fitzgerald ‘how he was subject to a curious ghostly influence, having often the idea that â€Å"someone was standing behind him† and that he was tempted to look round constantly’. This second self Collins spoke of alludes to the double identity he maintained and explored in his life as well as in his work. William Wilkie Collins was born January 8, 1824 to William John and Harriet Collins. Though it is supposed that his birth may have been a difficult one, as he was marked by a permanent deformation on his head, he enjoyed a rather happy childhood, his parents being blissfully in love and financially comfortable. Having traveled extensively around England and other countries in Europe, the family finally returned to London and Collins attended a private boarding school. Subsequent to leaving the school his is apprenticed to Edmund Antrobus, a tea merchant, it is during his apprenticeship that he publishes his first work of fiction, The Last Stage Coachman. In May of 1846 Collins enters Lincoln Inn to study law, although he never exercised a career of the practice, he was able to use his acquired knowledge in writing his later novels. Two years later, the death of his father prompts Collins to write his first book, Memoirs of the Life of William Collins, Esq., Ra,. Not long thereafter Collins becomes acquainted with Charles Dickens who would become a close friend and professional contemporary. In January 1859 Wilkie Collins meets Caroline Graves, and although Collins becomes associated with Martha Rudd and fathers three illegitimate children with her, his relationship with Caroline Graves is said to inspired Collins to write The Woman in White. The Woman in White is a story of double identity. The innocent and frail character Laura Fairley is eerily doubled with the distraught and disturbed Anne Catherick. After Laura enters into marriage with Sir Percival Glyde , he in order to extort her inheritance, has Anne Catherick removed, under which circumstances she suspiciously dies, and Laura Fairley is remanded to the asylum in which Anne Catherick was once confined. Caroline Graves had concocted many identities of her own in which she used to disguise her poor and rather ambiguous past.

Bernoulli Principle Essay -- essays research papers

Airflow over an airfoil Flight is one of the most important achievements of mankind. We owe this achievement to the invention of the airfoil and understanding the physics that allow it to lift enormous weights into the sky. All flight is the result of forces acting upon the wings of an airplane that allow it to counteract gravity. Contrary to popular belief, the Bernoulli principle is not responsible for most of the lift generated by an airplanes wings. Rather, the lift is created by air being deflected off the wings and transferring an upward force to those wings. The most important factor in determining the lift generated by an airplane is the angle of attack. The angle of attack is the degree measure from the horizontal that a wing is elevated or declined. When the angle of attack is between 1 and 20 degrees, the most lift is generated. To find the lift generated by a particular area of wing in a standard airfoil shape, a teardrop with the fat end facing forward, the equation L=Cl 1/2 (pV2)S. Cl is the lift coeficent, which is determined by the shape of the airfoil and the angle of attack. P stands for the air mass density, V for the velocity of the air passing over the wing, and S for the area of the wing when viewed from above or below. As the air flows over the wing producing lift, it grabs onto the wings surface and causes drag. Drag can be measured by the equation D=Cd 1/2 (pV2)S, much like the lift equation. The drag coeficent Cd is found, again, by determining ...

Hamlet presents indecision with decisive craft Essay

Hamlet was written approximately in 1600, during the Elizabethan era, the reign of Queen Elizabeth. Although the head of church and state was a woman, it was predominantly a patriarchal society. The monarch held a policy such as male-preference primogeniture which allows a female to succeed if she has no living brothers and no deceased brothers who left surviving legitimate descendants. Prior to her death, she announced that James I of Scotland would also become James VI of England. Elizabeth announced this to her people in order to avoid catastrophic political and social ramifications. Incest was ripe amongst European royalty, and still is still relevant nowadays. Queen Victoria earned the affectionate nickname, â€Å"Grandmother of Europe†, this royal incestuous behaviour is also evident in Hamlet. Although, adultery and incest is forbidden in the Bible and deemed punishable by death; the Elizabethan audience would have been outraged by the idea of incest and adultery. Although it does not state or there being sufficient evidence that Gertrude was committing adultery with Claudius, considering their hasty marriage shortly after his death, one can certainly allude to the possibility. Being a prince brings with it certain responsibilities and a sense of honour. Hamlet is trapped in a moral dilemma, does he kill the king and avenge his father or does he choose to follow his Christian and royal obligations? Ultimately, Hamlet proves to be indecisive by deliberating which course of action he should take when confronted by an issue. He deliberates due to his strong sense of moral beliefs and code of honour, so therefore is acting wisely when thinking before he acts. However, this does not make him an indecisive character, but rather a wise and logical one. Unfortunately, the conflict that exists between his sense of honour and moral correctness causes a conflict of emotionally driven consequences. Many critics believe Hamlet to be an indecisive character. On the contrary, Hamlet is a decisive character, Hamlet simply make decisions that lead to indecision. However, this does not make him indecisive. When Hamlet encounters the ghost, Hamlet learns that his father was murdered by his uncle, Claudius, â€Å"The serpent that did sting thy father’s life now wears his crown†. Hamlet takes an oath to avenge his father’s murder and informs Horatio of his â€Å"antic-disposition†. Hamlet needs to feign madness in order to avoid suspicion from Claudius, this is a decisive decision. Hamlet has lost his father and also to a certain extent his mother, he finds out that his father was murdered by his uncle and he has lost the thorn to his Kingdom. The grief Hamlet experiences must be traumatic, although acting upon grief is extremely dangerous; this could possibly be why Hamlet waits until he can think clearly and productively before taking his revenge, Hamlet is a well-educated and civilised man whom contemplates his thoughts before taking action which are demonstrated throughout the play e. g. his soliloquies. Claudius is now king, if Hamlet attempted to murder him he would surely be executed on an account of the highest possible treason; regicide, which would surely not be justice. Hamlet needed to be smart about how and when to bring about the revenge. He not only needed to kill Claudius but he needed to ensure his and his father’s legacy while destroying Claudius’s in the process, surely unveiling the truth and exposing him as a â€Å"damned villain† would be more satisfying and greater justice than merely killing him. However, in doing so Hamlet has metaphorical blood on his hands, in the process of avenging his father many innocent people die including Ophelia and Gertrude. Also on his quest for revenge another revenge plot unfolds, Laertes revenging Polonius’s murder. Many critics consider Hamlet’s delay simply as a plot device claiming if Hamlet had taken revenge earlier then the play would have been extremely short, this is clearly not true since Hamlet makes it clear to the audience that he himself is aware of his inaction, Shakespeare would not have included this if not to make a clear point, one could also say it is used as a device simply to arouse tension and suspense, while this may be somewhat true I think it is only a minor contribution to the delay, I think the delay has more to do with Hamlet’s morality and his character and the conflicting factors and characters (i. e. Claudius as king and being married to his mother). Some critics believe the delay is nothing more than cowardice; however this proves to be incorrect as Hamlet appears most heroic in certain stages of the play such as killing Polonius and the duel with Laertes. Many critics claim the reason for Hamlet’s delay is due to Claudius being king and therefore it is difficult for Hamlet to take his revenge due to his status and tight security. However, there are times in the play where Hamlet has unguarded access to Claudius, such as when Claudius is praying. Freudian critics such as Ernest Jones and Sigmund Freud claim Hamlet’s mysterious procrastination is a consequence of the Oedipus complex: the son continually postpones the act of revenge because of the impossibly complicated psychodynamic situation in which he finds himself. Though he hates his fratricidal uncle, he nevertheless unconsciously identifies with him-for, having killed Hamlet’s father and married his mother, Claudius has carried out what are Hamlet’s own unconscious wishes. In addition, marriage to Hamlet’s mother gives the uncle the unconscious status of the father-destructive impulses towards whom provoke great anxiety and meet with repression. While it is impossible to prove this theory due to the subconscious nature, some could rebuke this by claiming Shakespeare did not clearly make this a concept in Hamlet, if he had chosen to do so then surely he would have made it more identifiable for the audience. It is certainly true that Hamlet feels betrayed by his mother for disgracing his father’s good name by marrying his brother so shortly after his death, however to claim that Hamlet had different motives for killing Claudius other than revenging his father and bringing about justice to the Danish court is extremely vague and questionable. If Hamlet kills Claudius, certainly it should be classified as justifiable homicide, not only has Claudius committed murderer, but he has also committed regicide and fratricide and could Hamlet not say he was simply acting in self-defence since Claudius sent him to England to his deathbed. It is important to note that Hamlet does not mind if he lives after he has got his revenge, the ‘to be or not to be’ soliloquy contemplates whether to commit suicide or not, whether to take action upon his uncle or not, therefore from these soliloquies we can gather that the idea of death did not so much as fright Hamlet, rather the idea of death without fulfilling his purpose. Hamlet claims that fear of the unknown after death and the idea of going to hell are what stop him from committing suicide, however I believe this is simply an excuse not to take the cowards way out, I believe the real reason for him not committing suicide is due to his desire and need for his revenge upon Claudius. Hamlet’s death in the play, is somewhat similar to that of Jesus Christ, who had to die for the sins of humanity, perhaps this is why Christ is personified as such of a hero because he ended his life in sacrifice to God for us, similarly Hamlet did not just want to kill Claudius for the sake of avenging his father, he also wanted to bring justice to the Danish court and to get rid of the corruption on behalf of Denmark and her people, ultimately he kills Claudius and dies himself in the process and in return for his bravery, he has remained an iconic hero for centuries. Since the theme is revenge and justice, surely Hamlet had to die considering he is also now a target for revenge; it would have been highly hypocritical if Shakespeare had let Hamlet have lived after killing an innocent person, even if he was a â€Å"wretched, rash, intruding fool†. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern betrayed Hamlet, they were aware of Hamlet’s upcoming death sentence and they did not do anything to try and prevent it, therefore I believe Hamlet was justified in sending them to their deaths instead. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are contrasting characters to Hamlet, their indecision led to their deaths and although Hamlet eventually dies as well he, at least he fulfilled what needed to be done. Does not everybody die eventually any why? Perhaps one could say that the pirates arriving gave Hamlet an excellent opportunity to escape was the will of God, destiny even. Considering these points, I do not believe Hamlet was an indecisive character. He made many decisions in the play, although he made some decisions that led to indecision however still with the focus of eventual revenge e. g. Hamlet decided to make the players perform the play â€Å"The Murder of Gonzago† in order to see evidence of Claudius’s guilt himself, â€Å"the play’s the thing wherein i’ll catch the conscience of the king† this leads to the waiting of the play’s performance but Hamlet did this to ensure without a doubt that Claudius was guilty of murder. Hamlet exclaims to his mother, â€Å"I essentially am not in madness but mad in craft†, Hamlet’s ‘craft’ ultimately leads to Claudius’s death, and although so does it to many other innocent characters in the play and himself, perhaps what Hamlet needed was to be decisive quicker in order to prevent innocent blood from being spilt. Perhaps this was Shakespeare’s message all along, when to take action and when to not, to achieve a balance between decision and indecision and to know when the appropriate time is to act. At the end of the play when Hamlet is dying, he is in the middle of Horatio and Fortinbras, Horatio symbolises the scholar and Fortinbras symbolises the warrior. Hamlet successfully achieved to be both scholar and warrior.

New Jersey Insurance Company Essay

1. In what ways does Mr. Somersby control the operation of the sections of his division? In what ways does top management control the operations of the law division? Mr. Somersby controls the operation of the division by requiring reports from each section of his division. Which such reports he was able to monitor the performance as well as the expenditures of each section. The law division has about five sections to which two of them seem more crucial than the others. This is because such section handle accounts that can either make or break the financial status not only of their division but of the company as well. Because of the importance of such sections, Mr. Somersby conducts conferences with the sections in order to determine if there are any problems during their operation and to prepare for future developments. The top management controls the law division by monitoring the financial standing of the division through the required reports that they acquire. They screen discrepancies and questionable differences in cost through comparison with the division’s previous financial report. They are able to do because of the established standard they have set from their years of experience [most of the employees have been retained due to their costly training. Thus, hiring of new employees are avoided unless needed] and frequent transactions in their â€Å"routinary† operation. They require the division to set budgets, and monitor their projected costs from their incurred cost. The same goes to Mr. Somersby. When large deficits are detected they questions such occurrence in order to justify the incurred cost or to make certain actions for the situation to desist. 2. What possibilities for improving control, if any, do you think should be explored? Since budget plans seems to be crucial in their company, they should try to establish more definite parameters for their reports especially for the corporate loan division. They should incorporate the factor of TIME with their reports. For doing almost â€Å"routinary† transactions and for handling such situations for a longer period of time, the examiners should have a clearer gauge as to how long their transactions would be. By sending reports on a timelier manner they would be able to have more reliable figures for their budget estimates. As for larger accounts [like  those of the corporate loans], they should also try to consider not only outsourcing on the legal matter but for investment matters as well. They could consider hiring consultants that have a larger network in these matter in order to have a broader reference in the evaluation process. These financial experts might be able to help them more in accessing mortgages, company and individual net worth and the market standing of any investment. With this, just like on legal matters, these too can be a form of marketing, because they can claim to have a more reliable service because of the presence of financial experts that are not tied with their company. [Thus unbiased reports and projections]. They should also coordinate with the government in some cases so that they could keep track and prepare for any policy changes in their area that might affect the prices of their resources but that of their needed inputs as well. 3. As Mr. Montgomery, what comments would you make and what questions would you ask Mr. Somersby about the performance of the two sections of the law division for the first 6 months of 1987? As Mr. Montgomery, my comments for Mr. Somersby would be as follows: There have been huge deviations on the projected budget and the actual budget of the law division. More particularly, the individual loan section has incurred most of those deviations. From the figures, it seems that the corporate loan section had lesser number of transactions compared to their previous year. It seems that the individual loan section has employed an outsider which is different because their division has carefully trained and well experienced examiners, and has not required to have one from the previous years. The questions would be as follows: What are the reasons of the over budget?  What are your plans in order to prevent your division from incurring these deviations? Why was an additional labor for the individual loan sections made? How come the budgeted number of employees was 26 and the actual number of employees was 24? Since, employing additional labor for the individual loan section happened, is there a need to employ a new permanent worker? Were some of the people from the corporate loan section laid off? Are there any management problems in the corporate loan section? Have you considered employing financial experts instead of outsourcing them? What would become of the division then?

Hunting Isnt Murder

â€Å"Hunting is murder? I think NOT! † 1. Is hunting murder? This is something that people should think about. Many people walk around and believe that hunting is truly murder and think that they are completely right about this. However, I believe strongly that hunting is not murder and I will explain and prove why it is not murder. Murder is defined as: 1. The unlawful killing of one human by another, especially with premeditated malice. (murder,1) 2. To kill brutally or inhumanly. (murder,1) Now looking at these words in these definitions I can prove that hunting can not fall under the category of murder.Unlawful is defined as something that is illegal. (unlawful, 1) Therefore, I can make my first point on how hunting is not illegal. Yes there are times when it can be illegal if people are hunting the wrong time of year or don’t have their license. However, that is not what we are concerned about, when it comes down to it the majority of people who hunt do it legally and if they don’t then they are fined and even in some cases jailed. Next, human is defined as having or showing those positive aspects of nature and character regarded as distinguishing humans from other animals. human, 1) No animals are not human, and yes they are living things, but they are not homo sapiens. I don’t care what people say there is no way you can prove that a deer, goose, duck, or turkey is under the category of a homo sapien.With knowing this I can also state that hunting can therefore not be considered murder by definition. Next in the definition of murder it states that murder is the killing of a human with premeditated malice. Malice is defined as a desire to harm others or to see others suffer; extreme ill will or spite. Malice, 1) Yes, many people like myself hunt as a sport. However, many people don’t realize that we don’t do this because we like to kill and watch animals suffer, but in fact we do this because we love nature and a nimals and we do not want to see them suffer. Hunting is legal as a sport, because the government knows that there are mass populations of animals that need to be made smaller in order to keep the populations strong. The Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act, better known as the Pittman-Robertson Act, was passed by Congress in 1937.Pittman-Robertson placed a Federal excise tax on hunting equipment of many kinds, including guns and ammo (11 percent tax on sporting arms, ammunition, and archery equipment, and a 10 percent tax on handguns). (Category, 1) With the overwhelming support of hunters across the USA, this Act directed that money produced by this additional tax on our gear be used to provide funding for the selection, restoration, rehabilitation and improvement of wildlife habitat, wildlife management research, and the distribution of information produced by the projects.It was later amended (1970) to include funding for hunter training programs and the development, operatio n and maintenance of public target ranges. (Category, 1) Many hunters love and care about the animals they are hunting and do not do it in spite of the animals or to watch them suffer. The last keyword I want to talk about in the definition of murder is to kill brutally. Brutally is defined as extremely ruthless and cruel. I don’t know if people know much about starvation, but I have been taught about how painful of a disease it is to go through.Starved animals are generally emaciated, their fat stores are depleted, their body catabolizes the protein from their muscles, and leaves them in severe pain and anguish. I would have to say that I would much rather have a bullet but through my chest then I would want to have to go through the pain of starvation. As long as there are hunters, we will be able to have control over animal starvation and be able to keep it at a minimum. Many people question me when I tell them I am a hunter and like to go on about how cruel it is and wond er how I am able to kill an innocent animal.I explain that as a hunter I love animals and that is why I hunt. It is tough to convince someone when their mind is already made up, but I like to try. I hunt for many reasons. Some of which are for adventure, the feel of satisfaction of a job well done, the sense of being closer to nature and yes, for the kill. I explain that I hunt for the joy of the hunt. Also, that thousands of years ago hunters told their stories and honored their animals with pictographs. I don’t know if people often use pictographs anymore, but we do the same thing in a different way.Rather than painting on walls, we now mount animals on walls. Like our ancestors, we share the meat with our families and friends. I also know of people who take meat from animals they have hunted and donate it to people in need. Hunting is not something I do to just pass time. Hunting is a way of life for me, and I am just grateful that I am able to enjoy it. Take a look at my reasoning of why I believe hunting can not be considered murder, do you think hunting is murder?Works cited Brutally – Definition of Brutally by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Category, By. â€Å"A Discussion of Who Hunters Are and What They Do for Wildlife, Habitat, and Folks Who Don't Even Hunt. † Hunting and Shooting. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Human – Definition of Human by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Malice – Definition of Malice by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Murder – Definition of Murder by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus a nd Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. . Unlawful – Definition of Unlawful by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia. † Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus – The Free Dictionary. Jan. -Feb. 2010. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. .

Rosalind Franklin Research on the X-ray Diffraction Techniques

Rosalind Franklin lived during an exciting and turbulent era both socially and scientifically. Upon passing the admission examination for Cambridge University in 1938, at fifteen, Franklin was was informed by her affluent family that she would not recieve financial support. Franklins father disapproved of women receiving college educations, however, both Franklins aunt and mother supported her quest for education. Eventually, her father gave in and agreed to pay her tuition. Franklin would later prove to be worth her education. As Rosalind Franklin was pursuing her degree World War II raged. She focused her research on coal, the most efficient use of energy resources. Five papers on the subject were published before Franklins 26th birthday. Further, Franklin had given up her fellowship to become a physical chemist at the British Coal Utilization Research Association at age 22. She was indeed an efficient and driven researcher. Franklin utilized the X-ray diffraction techniques (that she has become most famous for) while working in a Paris laboratory between 1947 and 1950, with crystallographer Jacques Mering. X-ray crystallography helped determined the three dimensional structure of DNA when Franklin returned to England. She became the first person to find the molecules sugar-phosphate backbone while working with a team of scientists at Kings College in London. Unfortunately, leadership misunderstandings and personality conflicts depreciated Franklins effectivness in the laboratory. Maurice Wilkins, the laboratorys second in command, returned from a vacation expecting Franklin to work under him. Franklin came to the laboratory with the understanding that she would be researching alone. While Franklin was direct and decisive, Wilkins tended to be alluding and passive-aggressive. As Franklin made further advances in DNA research, Wilkins secretly shared her findings with the famous duo of Watson and Crick, who were then working at Cambridge. Franklins discoveries fueled their research machine, allowing them to advance beyond others in the field. They would eventually publish on DNA structure in 1953. Due to discriminatory procedures at Kings College, Franklin eventually left to become the lead researcher at Londons Birbeck College–upon agreeing not to work on DNA. She furthered her studies in coal and made significant advances in virology. Franklin died in 1958 of ovarian cancer. She lived 37 monumentally significant years. After researching Rosalind Franklins scientific career, I truly believe that she was a pioneer rather than a follower. Her early coal work is still referred to today; she helped launch the fields of high-strength carbon fibers; and was an integral part of early structural virology. Had it not been for a cruel twist of fate, I believe that Franklin would have published first on DNA structure. She was the best in her field when it came to DNA analysis through X-ray diffraction. Franklin innovatively found a way to isolate an extremely fine X-ray beam and arrange her superfine DNA fibers into parallel bundles. She took her research to a higher level by analyzing molecular properties in adverse conditions such as humidity. Rosalind Franklins individualistic, self-dependent nature made it impossible for her to find satisfaction in following the scientific accomplishments of others.

Selecting toys for young children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Selecting toys for young children - Essay Example In as much as these toys are meant to stimulate children’s imagination and encourage learning safety the quality of the toys must be ensured (The Kiwi Families Team, 1). Some of the toys that are appropriate for this age group include building blocks and accessories, modeling dough, paint, crayons and collage materials. Tricycles and trolleys as well as jigsaw puzzles would are also encouraged (The Kiwi Families Team, 1). Modeling dough is clean clay like substance that is used for modeling. It is reusable and as such children can use it for longer periods. Most of the time, children will poke, roll and squash this dough but as they do that they develop fine motor skills. Modeling clay appeals to kids in that while they are playing with it, they get amazed and wonder at how far the clay can stretch or how they would make one piece stick to another and these will prompt their problem solving skills. Parents should choose this toy for their children since motor development is one of the crucial phases of life and these toys help children develop it, it also boosts imagination. Modeling clay is not messy; children simply need to wash their hands after using this dough (Goodson, 21). In addition to this, children who have talent in the crafts can be discovered early by paying attention to the things that they make with modeling clay and these talents can be nurtured early enough. As such, parents should select this toy for their children since it can unveil unique talents that they have. According to the Kiwi Families Team, another toy that most toy manufacturers recommend for preschoolers is building blocks. These are always plastic and can be in the model of a farm animal, car or building. They are always big blocks that can be inter-connected to build things such as houses, vehicles and a variety of other things. With these pieces, children around four years can spend hours

Structure and Agency in colonial Latin America Essay

Structure and Agency in colonial Latin America - Essay Example these articles precisely show that, each individual’s culture influenced his manner of doing things and his reputation but was partly influenced by the environment as well as the authority. Being honored signified dignity, self-control and self-esteem. The Spanish were labeled as honorable and worked very hard to maintain their reputation. The society half accepted the Spanish way of life as ethical and moral. According to Mark Burkholder, following the Spanish culture and being religiously converted was a means of acquiring honor. Spanish men viewed each religious act as morally right otherwise a dishonor. The society at large, accepted maintaining a religious marriage in addition to adopting the new milieu of labor and occupation as norms. The Spanish elite maintained titles which made them more honorable than the natives. Spanish men were either in political positions or masters to their slaves and therefore acted in manner not to lower their reputation. Honor is associated with rank, prestige and allowance to perform some rituals as it was the case of priests. In a common notion, being a priest awarded you respect not only to fellow race members but from other clas ses as well. Honor determined ones political influence and eligibility. Given that it was only the elite group that contained rights to determine political leaders; Ann Twinam and Geoffrey Spurling demonstrate the significance of honor in administrative position eligibility. According to spurling, a priest being accused of sodomy retards his reputation hence causing questions about his leadership. The accusation showed respect to men’s sexual behavior, with the general public viewing sodomy as a sort of dishonor. Men were supposed to remain faithful to and being born out of wedlock was partly considered a dishonor. Twinam examines the disposal of a political candidate based on proscribed birth of his mother. The Spanish not only viewed unfaithfulness as unlawful but as a source of

Role of Reflection and Reflective Practices in Organisation's Enhanced Essay

Role of Reflection and Reflective Practices in Organisation's Enhanced Performance - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the environment in which the businesses are operating these days has changed drastically from simple and less competitive form to extremely dynamic and ever-changing type. Hence, in order to survive in today’s competitive environment, the managers have to ensure that the way in which business activities are being conducted in the organization gets changed simply from responding to changes, the managers need to focus on developing a learning organization. Everyone in the organization needs to understand that collectively they can bring change in the business operations and by their support to the management they will be able to enhance the productivity of the organization. In order to make a learning organization, it is the responsibility of management and employees of the organization to divert their focus from reflective practitioner at an individual level to reflective form of organization. In the last couple of years, many re searchers have conducted studies on the role of reflection and reflective practices in the organization’s performance; some studies have focused on the theories of such practices while some have studied their implications in various forms of organizations. However, the most extensive works have been done by Vince and Walsh who has focussed on the traditional and modern ways for implications of reflection and reflective practices in all types of organizations that are working in distinctive fields. Hence, it is rightly stated by Walsh that it is crucial for the management and managers of the organisation to equip themselves with the various forms of reflective practices that are happening in the real world and make changes in their organisations so that they are compatible with the latest market trends and the structure supports the format required for organisational learning. The researchers have been unable to give the exact definition of the term ‘Reflection’ a s it is composed of numerous concepts. The primary aim of reflection is to help the thinkers do the critical analysis of the situations or problems that are being encountered in the organizations. The managers are encouraged to identify the problem areas, think about the remedial situations available and then select and implement the strategy along with proper evaluation tools. According to Clift and Houston, cited by Solomon, the reflection definition has its foundations from the Western culture that induces the managers to analyze the situation and come up with the problem-solving approach and avoid negotiation, illumination or deliberation. Walsh in the study indicated that reflection is something that can be learned and for that the managers need to undergo the learning processes so that they can encourage such workplace learning environment within the organization. The view is also supported by Johns who stated that the reflection approach helps the businesses to remain alert a ll the time and instead of just sitting in idle situation, it motivates them to work out the plan.

The Media of Diaspora Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Media of Diaspora - Essay Example The common notion of a globalised world is that it is composed of governmental organizations and big corporations, but this is not always the case as shown by large segments of the global population living in countries not their own but merely adopted. It gave the notion or concept of a movement that is â€Å"globalisation from below† and dispelled conventional wisdom also that a diaspora refers to the Jewish people only or exclusively. Discussion There are significantly large numbers of people living in other countries today due to the advent of modern forms of travel, such as the steamships and airplanes, which made travel easier and much cheaper. Prof. Karim H. Karim has sought to spotlight the public discourse on this growing number of people who uproot themselves to move to another country which he calls as transnational groups. These groups in turn use a variety of media to communicate and keep in touch with the original communities in their home countries, using various forms of communications such as postal mail, telephone, fax, satellite television, audiotapes, video cassette tapes and with the Internet, through e-mails and chat groups (Karim 1). The main purpose of Prof. Karim is to examine how these transnational groups have utilized various communication tools at their disposal and what the social effects are on them. The study of diapora today has been expanded from its previous closed set of characteristics to a broader definition in terms of its social scientific parameters regarding human dispersals. Some of the main points or arguments raised by Prof. Karim are that diasporas do not fit nicely into a neat definition at all times, except perhaps their common feature of being powerless in a foreign land; but even this definition does not hold true in all instances, as there are exceptions to this, such as ethnic groups which ended up as ruling elites, as in some Caribbean nations. A common misconception likewise dispelled by Prof. Karim is that diasporas are not exclusively among Asians, Africans or Latin Americans only but also include some of white ethnic groups such as Greeks, Macedonians, Italians and white Rhodesians, although these groups may have an easier time in assimilating because they are also white like the majority of Anglo-Saxons. The key marker or characteristic of a diasporas’ group is a non-dominant position in the global cultural context. Within this definition, the worldwide community of Muslims can be included because they do not have much access to global communications networks such as the CNN or the Reuters news organization like what other groups or main majority of citizens have. Diaspora does not pertain only to people going out of their native countries, as it is also applicable to indigenous peoples who have been displaced (or forcibly removed) from the traditional homelands they had previously occupied for centuries. The definition applies to the Inuit natives of Alaska and other parts of the Arctic circle who had remained within boundary of their countries but not in the earlier same exact geographical location (ibid. 2) and a clear manifestation of this condition is being â€Å"de-territorialised† as a nation of people. Pursuant to this longing for an ancestral homeland, many diaspora groups end up claiming certain lands in other territories despite some conflicting claims on it, like Israel in

Training Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Training Plan - Assignment Example We will be using online skill tests, shadowing/role play, and individual learning to properly train a new hire for this position. The full extent, including on-going training can take up to 6 months. The role of customer service at Sport Chek is responsible for acting as a link between customers and the company. The main roles include assisting with orders, complaints, errors, billing, account questions, and cancelations. There are a variety of resources needed to properly train new employees including space, computers, printer/paper, online training modules and of course, time. All in all, the new hire will cost approximately $1000, which shows how important employee retention is. The training objectives are used to equip the newly acquired personnel with the knowledge, skills, and abilities that ensure they will be a productive part of the customer service force at Sport Chek. The new trainee should have the ability to communicate effectively with coworkers and customers, to start conversations with customers, to analyze and solve problems, and have the basic computer skills to work a register (POS system). The knowledge of general sports, sports fashion/ attire, and outdoor activities are essential. The trainee must also have the ability to learn through observations and hands on experience. In order for sports industry to meet the changing needs of demographic, it is essential that new trainees become more dynamic, flexible and innovative with knowledge of general sports, sports fashion/ attire, and outdoor activities. New employees of Sport Check must understand that the firm is the leading retailer of sporting goods in Canada. Therefore, having the privilege to work in the merchandise store exposes the employee to the greatest product brands that exist across the globe. All new employees of Sport Check merchandise store should have a

Financial Modeling With Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Modeling With Decision Making - Essay Example The details of shares with above details are given in separate units for each company. In the spread sheet used in this case the shares purchased are regarding the companies Glaxosmithkline, B.SKY.B, Busuiness Post Group, Abbey PLC, Barclays PLC, Galantas Gold Corp, Halfords Group PLC, and Rolls-Royce Group PLC. The trading has been started on February 1st and the dealings up to march 15th are given. In case of Glaxosmithkline, the trader earned a profit of 900 GBP. The returns from B.Sky.B group shares resulted in negative growth. The selling price of shares is 700 GBP lesser than the buying price. This resulted in 700 GBP of loss in trading the shares of that company. This dented the returns from previous investment also and decreased the net profit to 200 GBP. Apart from this the trader bought and sold the shares of business post on February 1st and February 15th. This resulted in a profit of 800 GBP. With this transaction, the net profit reached the mark of 1000 GBP by February 15th. After that the trader bought the shares of Abbey Plc on February 15th and sold on March 1st. This resulted in a profit of 40 GBP and this increased the gross profit by March 1 to 1040 GBP. After that in a gap of one month between 15th February and 15th march, the Barclay's shares are purchased for Rs. 39805.50 and sold for 34348.50. GBP. This resulted in a loss of 5457 GBP. With this transaction there is loss of 4457 GBP on the whole investment. After this transaction on march 1st the trader invested 7950 on Galantas gold corp. and sold them for 8520 GBP. This resulted in a profit of 300 GBP. This decreased the loss from the transactions to 4157 GBP. The Halfords group shares are purchased on 1st March for 31454.5 GBP and were sold on 15th march for 31433 GBP. This resulted in a loss of 21 GBP and increased the loss to 4178 GBP. The Rolls Royce group shares are bought for 24562.5 GBP on 1st March were sold for 23387 GBP on 15th march. This resulted in a loss of 1175.5 GBP of loss and the total loss increased to 5353 GBP. Apart from the investment in high interes t account the loss on trades mentioned in spread sheet incurred a loss of 5353 GBP. 2. Analysis of Trading decisions The first transaction used by the trader was with the shares of Glaxosmithkline numbering 10,000 and valued at 1,38,700 GBP. This resulted in a profit of 900 GBP. The decision of buying in February and selling in march is a good decision making when the single transaction is considered. This share can be retained and the sale of the shares in March is a short sighted decision as the share value has climbed up in the following months. As the company reported 6 percent increase of profit and closed the books with patent protection, there is every chance to earn more profits and increase the dividend distributed. This can result in increase of share price and the sale of the shares in March can be termed as a deal that has been done early than it should be done. The trader might have sold the shares of the company taking into consideration local market. As the company trades internationally and does business in US and other important countries of world, the share price of the company sh ould be estimated accordingly. The drugs sold in US resulted in more profits for the company

Develop a public relations campaign Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Develop a public relations campaign - Article Example This paper will outline Riordan's PR campaign including its defined target audience, an overview of public relations issues, and implications of ethical issues. In addition, Riordan has implemented a marketing research plan and sought to align its marketing and public relation strategies The Riordan staff consists of 550 people and the company seeks to become a leader in embracing diversity in the workplace. Riordan has conducted research and believes that a strong business case exists for the employment of a diverse workforce. Effectively adopting and practicing diversity policies will benefit the company image, create greater attraction to potential employees, and reduce employment costs through improved retention in the workplace. A website reviewed by Riordan staff (www.embracingdiversity.org) states that, "A diverse team is a team in which every member of staff regardless of their age, gender, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation and regardless of how they operate, or what they look like are valued as an individual and not as a member of a group." Adopting guidelines is the easy portion of the task, with approximately 550 employees, implementing a company wide diversity initiative and gaining acceptance will prove to be difficult tasks. Riordan will have to place resources behind this initiative including Public Relations professional, support staff, and a measurement system. Currently Riordan's tracking and financial systems are not merged, meaning each facility operates independently and there is a very manual process to creating reports and accessing company information. This issue will need to be resolved and can be as a new software operating system has been identified but not approved for purchase. The diversity implementation can be used as further justification for the software. Additionally, Riordan has four manufacturing facilities with one located in China and the other three located in various regions in the United States. Specific Public Relations strategies and tools must be used to ensure a seamless diversity integration process. Target Audience Riordan Manufacturing strives to be a solution provider for its customers and not be a part of its customers' challenges. The company will maintain an innovative and team oriented working environment. By assuring that its employees are well informed and properly supported, it will provide a climate focused on the long-term viability of the company. Riordan must be focused in

The Euro Crisis in Portugal ( European Union) Essay

The Euro Crisis in Portugal ( European Union) - Essay Example The crisis continued to spread and by the end of the year 2011, two other countries Italy and Spain were affected. By the end of October in the same year, these countries were compelled to pay absolute risk premia on the order of 500 basis points. As a result of this, the public finance structures of both the countries became vulnerable as their sustainability became subjected to risk. During the first half of the year 2012, many bonds reached their maturity date in both Italy and Spain. During this phase, there were both positive and negative possibilities – either the debt crisis could be managed in an efficient manner or further severe repercussions on the global economic structure. In the entire course of the European debt crisis, every effort was taken by the policy makers so that they could provide relief to the money market. However, most of the times it was realized that any strategies that were adopted were either too insufficient or were too late. In the year 2010, t here were many deliberations over the benefits or detriments of monetary assistance or intervention from International Monetary Fund (IMF). As a result of this no fixed solution could be found for the euro debt crisis. In July of 2011, a decision was taken to enhance assistance to the Greek sovereign with permission of involvement from the private to some extent. However, this decision was rejected by another decision made in the late October of the same year. This latter decision â€Å"required much deeper (50 percent) haircuts for private creditors, supplemented by an announced policy intended to build a firewall through major leveraging of the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF)† (Cline & Wolff, 2012, p.v). Subsequently, in the beginning of December the famous summit took place which provided all the member countries of the European Union (EU), except the United Kingdom for its reluctance to participate in the