Blackhole Exploit Kit Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Blackhole Exploit Kit - Research Paper Example It can deliver various malware depending on the operating system and geographical location of the victim or depend on the time of day or other criteria that the attacker has identified (Howard, 2012). Often, a user would visit a compromised though legitimate website that had been outfitted with an external or iframe reference that point to the Blackhole exploit site. Because of this invisible call, malware and exploits would be delivered silently while the user is browsing on a legitimate but compromised website. The victim would not be redirected forcibly as there would be no external sign and the user is likely to remain on the legitimate website and it is likely that he or she would be unaware that malware is loading in the background (International Business, 2012). In order to have a better understanding of this topic, this paper will discuss in more details what Blackhole exploit kits are and how they work. In recent times, the Blackhole exploit kit has gained wide adoption and it is one of the most common exploit frameworks that are used for delivery of web-based malware (Ouchn, 2012). This type of crimeware Web application was developed by a Russian hacker known as HodLum to take advantage of exploits that are unpatched to hack computers through malicious scripts that are planted on legitimate but compromised websites. The first Blackhole exploit kit appeared in the market in August 2010 (Howard, 2012). Since then, there have been newer releases, as well as a free version of the kit. The Blackhole exploit kits are based on a MySQL and PHP backend and incorporate support for exploiting the most vulnerable and widely used security flaws with the purpose of providing hackers with the highest successful exploitation probability (Rajaraman, 2011). Typically, these kits target the Windows operating system version, as well as applications that have been installed on Windows platform. The most famous Blackhole exploit kit attack was in April 2011 that targeted t he website of the United States Postal service’s Rapid Information Bulletin Board System (RIBBS) (Wisniewski, 2012). There are various versions of the Blackhole exploit kit including v1.2.2, which was released in February of the year 2012, and it is the most recent version and v1.0.0 version, which was released in late 2010 and was the first version (Ouchn, 2012). The Blackhole exploit kit is made up of various PHP scripts series that are designed to run on a website or a web server. These scripts are protected using the commercial ionCube encoder presumably to prevent other miscreants against stealing their code and therefore hindering analysis (International Business, 2012). The Blackhole exploit kit has general characteristics that enable them to deliver exploits through compromised websites. These characteristics include configuration options for the usual parameters such as redirect URLs, file paths, query string parameters, passwords, and usernames.

Inflation in the US after the Second World War Term Paper

Inflation in the US after the Second World War - Term Paper Example A low rate of inflation is particularly significant because the economy of the US was at least fully employed as per the estimates for the last three years of the last economic expansion period. However, little tendency of acceleration has been noticed in the inflation rate. It is difficult to have such a policy task that keeps the economy moving along the full path of employment with no burst of inflation happening as a result. Since the costs of labor are almost two-thirds of the total costs of production, the rate of rise is considered to be an indication of inflation in future at the retail level. The rates rose in the latter stage of the last economic expansion while they were moderate in the contraction, recovery, and expansion subsequently. The profile of inflation in the US While Europe experienced catastrophic inflation before the Second World War, the US has mainly seen three periods of inflation that generated huge economic concern since 1913; the first of these periods wa s from 1915 to1920 when prices almost doubled, the second period ranged from 1945 to 1947 during which, 34 per cent increase was noticed, and the third period ranged from 1972 to 1982 during which, a total of 131 per cent increase was noticed (Economy In Perspective, 2010). ... Although there has been no significant inflation in the US for the past few years, yet it does not imply that inflation cannot increase in the future. Eventual increase in the demand for loans by businesses and households is addressed by the commercial banks. While the consequential increased spending growth by businesses and households is first welcomed, it might lead to unwanted inflation in the long run (Feldstein, 2013). Causes of inflation Practically, the US has never experienced a period in its entire history when a change in the level of price was not accompanied with a simultaneous change in the money supply. This forms the basis of the view widely held according to which, inflation is a monetary phenomenon everywhere and always that happens as a result of rise in the monetary quantity relative to the output. In spite of the general consensus held by economists over this view, it is consistent with two very different views over the cause of inflation. According to the first view, rapid growth of money causes inflation and is itself caused from Federal Reserve’s mistaken policies. Inflation is controlled by the Federal Reserve and the control is determined by the willingness of the Federal Reserve to constrain the money supply growth. The alternative view is based on the belief that prices experience a major upward pressure because of the activities that cause a decline in the real output. Organized labor’s attempt to acquire increase in the real wages is a favorite candidate. Other activities include the OPEC’s monopolistic pricing behavior, changes in the international trade terms because of decline in dollar’s foreign exchange rate, and major crop failures. Decline in output caused by such activities generally

Depression Essay example -- Health, Depressed Individuals

Certain practical issues need to be considered by the clinician during the assessment of MDD, (Dozois & Dobson, 2009). Depressed individuals tend to express their problems in a detailed manner when they are aware of what is expected from them during initial phase of assessment. Warning depressed clients about the possible interruptions at the initial phase along with providing them rationale helps to improve the effectiveness of the assessment (Dozois & Dobson, 2009). As depressed individuals tend to commit cognitive bias (Dozois & Beck, 2008), it is necessary to determine the actual impairment by evaluating patient’s daily routine in terms of different areas of functioning. Each diagnostic criteria needs to be addressed in number of ways (Shea, 1988). Sometimes, the patient describe their symptoms in more idiosyncratic way. So, the clinician needs to translate those concerns in to the nosological system (Dozois & Dobson, 2009). Bolland & Keller (2009) emphasize the need to assess the number of previous episodes and their duration because this information is one the predictor for risk of subsequent relapse (Solomon et al, 2000). Dozois & Dobson (2009) have reported to rely upon information related to previous episode carefully as the client may commit the reporting bias. The reporting bias can be reduced by ensuring that the patient understands the time frame to which he or she refers (Dozois & Dobson, 2009) and providing contextual cues to the patient’s memory (Shea, 1988). The information related to previous treatments, medical history, patient’s motivation for change, etc. may help in identifying resources for change (Dozois & Dobson, 2009). It is also helpful to assess client’s strengths which will help in formulating... ...owever, if Medical conditions worsens the symptoms of depression, then mood disorder is diagnosed as MDD and medical condition is listed on Axis III of the DSM-IV-TR( APA, 2000a). It is difficult to differentiate between depression and dementia (Gualtieri and Johnson, 2008), but certain differences can be noted among two (Dozois and Dobson, 2009). For example, recent memory is more effected in depression than remote memory; such symptoms are not prominent in dementia (Dozois and Dobson, 2009). Conclusion: For the accurate assessment of MDD, the clinician should not rely upon results obtained from one psychometric instrument. Rather, he or she should try to integrate information obtained from multiple sources to get the holistic picture of patient. The clinicians also needs to consider above mentioned practical issues while making assessment related to MDD.

African American Literature Essay

African American literature has a strong deeply rooted background in the history of America, thus giving the writers categorized in this genre a strong message to convey in any story they chose to tell. From tragic life moments to happy life moments, the writers have the ability to tell their story in a variety of methods. This canon of literature serves as a diary for the African American community. All of the literary works that compile this genre reflect the many twists and turns a collective group of persons must endure while struggling to achieve a place in history. The following discussion of three historically significant African American stories reflects the struggles one race of persons had to endure on their journey throughout various time periods in America. The Short Stories In the short story, My White Folks Treated us Good by Mariah Hines the author describes in first person account of a situation when African American slaves were treated well in comparison to the stories of abuse, rape, and neglect most persons are accustom to reading from this era. The slaves never went hungry, always had clothes to wear, were able to work under their own accord, always treated with respect, and were told to take Sundays off while also being encouraged to attend church on Sundays. The slaves were in fact treated so well that when they were free to leave, they choose to remain at their former master’s farm and continued working for him. Hines concluded the Master continued to support his former slaves. Hines stated â€Å"Master helped us much as he could. Some of us he gave a cow or mule or anything he could spare to help us (p. 34). † Moving forward in time, the short story Sweat by Zora Neale Hurston describes a situation of domestic abuse in a long term relationship between a wife, Delia Jones, and her husband, Sykes Jones. Sykes enjoyed torturing Delia, he would find ways to make her job as a washwoman more difficult by kicking the clothes across the room or by scaring her with ways related to her fear of snakes. Sykes enjoyed fighting; he in fact enjoyed it so much so that he intentionally picked fights with Delia. This type of torture strained their marriage to the point of near silence on a daily basis. Sykes thought it to be a good idea to bring a rattlesnake into their home. The rattlesnake got lose in the home, Delia was able to get outside the home but Sykes remained in the home and was attacked in their bedroom. Sykes yelled to Delia for help and comfort, but she was unable to come to him related to fear. Delia finally walked to the door, but due to the nature of his injuries and the distance to the doctor she understood he would not make it through this attack, therefore she allowed him to pass in their backyard. â€Å"She could scarcely reach the chinaberry tree, where she waited in the growing heat while inside she knew the cold river was creeping up and up to extinguish that eye which much known by now that she knew (p. 108). † This story shows how those who choose to abuse others always pay for those actions in the end. Alice Walker wrote the story Nineteen Fifty-Five, about a young white singer, Traynor, who purchased a song from a young African American woman, Gracie Mae, and went on to become famous after recording and releasing his own version. His version of Gracie Mae’s song continued to eat away at Gracie Mae for the rest of her life. It did not have the same meaning, nor was it loved by his fans for the same reasons she hoped it would be. The fans loved Traynor, not the song. Traynor continued to keep in contact with Gracie Mae throughout his time in the army, touring, marriages, and divorces. Then towards after many years, contact stopped and Traynor was found dead after 15 wives and a troubled road in the end. Gracie Mae lived vicariously through Traynor and his portrayal of her song. Gracie Mae herself lived quite happily through the birth of many children, the divorce and/or death of three husbands, the showering of gifts from Traynor, and his ultimate death. Gracie Mae did have a connection to Traynor that flowed deeper than her song. â€Å"One night I dreamed Traynor has split up with his fifteenth wife p. 297). † Due to the stereotypes and prejudices of this time period Gracie Mae and Traynor were never able to express the emotional connection they felt between each other. Common Literary Conventions Literary conventions and themes were similar in the stories; connotations, culture, undertones, and main characters were alike. The three stories were written in first person and portrayed a personal struggle endured by each main character. The main character was always female, strong, and independent in different way. The stories span three different periods of time, yet still reflecting similar struggles in very different settings. These conventions are important when connecting the messages of these stories. Each has a story of struggle, some are internal while others are outward, and each woman must find inner strength to change or cope with their situations. Beginning with My White Folks Treated us Good, this story was historically important in relation to conveying the happiness that could be found in such a dire situation as slavery. Hines showed not all slavery conditions were adverse or abusive; there was still the possibility of enjoying life, and gaining independence by getting the break needed, such as the freeing of all slaves, to make one’s own life better. In Sweat, Hurstson was able write a story about a woman able to persevere in a dreadful situation of both mental and physical abuse. During this time in history, women were not able to be independent and outspoken due to a fear of judgment or increased abuse. Delia was given the chance to be free from the abuses of Sykes and took that chance by allowing him to die from his injuries, thus resulting in her freedom. Following in the same suit, Nineteen Fifty-Five expressed the internal struggle of a woman’s desire to be understood and independent. Gracie Mae wanted to sing her own song and live her own life, without connection to a version of her song that did not represent the original intent. Gracie Mae was happy with her life, but was never free from what the release of her song brought to her life. Conclusion Culturally, these stories are important to all American’s. The historical significance of these stories and the emphasis on equality places a connotation of acceptance and availability of equal opportunity to all persons regardless of color, social class, age, race, gender, or personal situation. African Americans are able to tell their personal stories of struggles and triumphs through literature. This literature is a valuable tool for all persons wanting to educate themselves about significant times in American history. References Young, A. (1996). African American Literature: A brief Introduction and Anthology. New York, New York: HarperCollins College Publishers.

Is War Inevitable Essay - 1031 Words

1 Is War Inevitable? The modern human mind has sought to present findings and evidence that would lead to some form of an indication or conclusion regarding the inevitability of war through the multifarious fields of science and technology; anthropology; political science; economics; psychology (both humanist and evolutionary); and cultural studies. The general perception for most people – gauged through academic surveys and Social Networking websites – is that the innate biological tuning, socio-cultural infrastructure, geo-political systems, economic scarcity, and the massive amounts of arsenal possessed by mankind will never allow humans to transcend the atrocities of brutality, violence and aggressive bloodshed. Unfortunately,†¦show more content†¦Anthropological and ethnic studies have shown that, long before the emergence of modern nation-states, human beings waged war in the tribal setting, basing these conclusions on archeological findings. Furthermore, observance of the b ehavior of our closest evolutionary cousins, the chimpanzees, has encouraged the perception that just the way chimpanzee troops tend to wage war on other chimpanzees – sometimes even beating them to death – similarly, we too are biologically programmed and naturally hardwired for aggression. In â€Å"Are Humans Hardwired to Behave Aggressively?† Margie Wylie says that a new and upcoming field of genealogy suggests that the Y-Chromosome in human beings causes us to be, at least in part, â€Å"hardwired for aggression and troublesome behavior†. The question is posed to any logical mind: can we allow ourselves to conveniently use this as an excuse for war and crime? No. We can not. Yale’s â€Å"Human Relations Area Files† (Ember), a database of around 360 cultures around the world from the past and present, shows that nearly nine-tenths of these cultures have engaged in warfare. However, the frequency, intensity, and time spans of these wars va ries vastly from one culture to the next. There is variation in the frequency of warfare when you look around the world at any given time, says Melvin Ember. That suggests to me that we are not dealing with genes or a biological propensity. Even if we do consider the biological propensity andShow MoreRelatedWar is Inevitable and Death is Too1111 Words   |  5 Pagesbehaviors of man. Often characterized as an anti-war novel, Slaughterhouse-Five tries to show that war and destruction are a part of the human life cycle. Humanity is highly conflict prone; conflict resolution often manifests itself in the terms of war. Vonnegut attempts to show that war results in widespread death and destruction; therefore, war and death are inevitable. In Slaughterhouse-Five, Kurt Vonnegut explores the inevitability of war, shown through the examination of color usage - suchRead MoreWas The Civil War Inevitable?1724 Words   |  7 Pages WAS THE CIVIL WAR INEVITABLE? Shannon Olivolo History 101: US History I 5 May 2017 The American Civil War was one of the bloodiest and deadly wars in US history, with over two percent of the population dying during war from either disease or injuries (Reilly 2016). One may question why this war was the most deadly in history and could it have been prevented. A vast majority of historians will argue that this war was inevitable due to many precipitating factors, mainly being theRead MoreThe Cold War Was Inevitable Or Not?1624 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction To gain a full understanding of the Cold War, the knowledge of the why it started, an in depth analysis of what both sides contributed to make the Cold War what was and knowing whether the Cold War was inevitable or not is necessary. There were many different actions that both of the two major superpowers, the US and the USSR took that started the Cold War. I believe that the Cold War was inevitable because of the difference in ideologies between the US and the USSR, and the largeRead MoreThe Civil War Was Inevitable1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Civil War took place from April 12, 1861 to May 9, 1865. The simple answer is yes: the Civil War was completely inevitable, but there were many events, documents and people before its beginning that certainly had a large bearing on the war itself. The most divisive political issue in the United States in the mid-1800s was the expansion of slavery, and slavery is certainly the common denominator of the events leading up to the Ci vil War. People from the North were abolitionists, lookingRead MoreWas World War II Inevitable?1042 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Was World War II Inevitable? For quite a number of reasons, World War II was largely inevitable. In this text, I will take into consideration some arguments that have been presented in the past in an attempt to demonstrate the inevitability of the Second World War. These arguments range from the creation of the Treaty of Versailles to the conditions imposed on Germany to nationalistic issues. Many historians consider Germans invasion into Poland the official commencement date of the Second WorldRead MoreWas World War One Inevitable? Essay2197 Words   |  9 PagesWas World war one the inevitable outcome of how European politics and society had developed in the decades before its outbreak? The first world war was not the result of one assassination, but rather it was a mixture of long term causes and more immediate strategic decisions. In the nineteenth century in Europe, the long term factors to world war one had been building, Imperialism and Industrialisation were radically changing the balance of power internationally and political stability domesticallyRead MoreWar Is An Inevitable Feature Of International Politics1560 Words   |  7 PagesWar is an inevitable feature of international politics. Assess with reference to liberalism or realism The approximate number of war casualties in the past 100 years is estimated to be 180 million. The Second World War (1939-1945) alone accounts for 60 million fatalities, which commenced with a fascist aggression to the European peace. War has been inevitable over centuries, which has been fought for several reasons; competing ideologies, wealth, religious reasons, chase for power through its militaryRead MoreThe World War I Was Inevitable?1708 Words   |  7 Pages During the 19th century. One of the most gruesome wars the world has ever seen thus far was underway. Millions of people from all over the world were affected, in various ways whether it be finically, emotionally or physically. World war one was a massacre of human life and an important event that determined the present state of the modern world. The total number of military and civilian casualties in world war one was more than 38 million; there were over 17 million deaths and 20 millionRead MoreEssay on The Ine vitable American Civil War1817 Words   |  8 PagesThe American civil war was completely inevitable. Though efforts had been made by the Republicans to stop the war, southerners were the major contributors to the war. Actions of the southerners were intended at starting a war. Though northerners did not intend to start the war, they could not void retaliating after attacks were launched by the confederates. The American civil war is one of the historic dark moments that are in the memory of the country was lasted for 4 years, between the years 1961-1965Read MoreThe American Civil War Was Inevitable1975 Words   |  8 Pagesitself cannot stand were the words of Abraham Lincoln in a republican convention on June 17,1858 in Illinois. The inevitable debate over slavery, popular sovereignty, the publishing of Uncle Toms Cabin, and Lincolns election would eventually have brothers versus brothers fighting each other in a bloody war. Religion, economics and the lost of power made the civil war an inevitable one. Popular sovereignty is the ideal that people could choose their laws such ideal Lewis Cass first brought

Kants Refutations of the Proofs of the Existence of God...

Kants Refutations of the Proofs of the Existence of God There are three types of proof for the existance of God: The Ontological Proof: God is the most perfect conceivable being. Existence is more perfect than non-existence. God by definition exists. The Cosmological Proof: Everything contingent must have a cause. If this cause is also contingent, then it too must also have a cause. This chain of causes and effects must have a beginning - a necessary cause. This necessary cause must be God. The Physico-Theological Proof: Observations about the particular constitution of the sensible world provide proof of the existence of God. As we saw earlier in the CPR, there are†¦show more content†¦As soon as a person has admitted that he/she has a concept of God, by this argument, then that person has also admitted Gods existence (in the same way that admitting you have the concept of a triangle is, is to admit that a triangle has three angles). Like most of Kants topics of discussion, it is difficult to fully grasp the entirety of what is being said. However, unlike most other cases, this time I dont think its entirely his fault. In fact, his refutation to this deceivingly simple argument is (perhaps deceivingly) actually quite simple. Existence cannot be a predicate. In the sentence Thomas is the teacher, the word is is not the predicate, but it is the word that implies existence. Therefore, the sentence God is does not contain a predicate. A predicate is a word that ads a quality to the concept of the thing it is applied to -- existence is not a quality. The cosmological argument, according to Kan t, is too well known for it to be necessary to expound it in detail here (P570), so if you dont know it, you can join me in feeling like an idiot#8230; However, he then goes on to quickly explain the argument. I also took the liberty of finding out where this argument came from and it seems to have started with Aristotle and also used by Aquinas. Aristotle said that the fact that there is movement could prove the existence of an unmoved mover (God). In other wordsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Hegel and Kant on the Ontological Argument1748 Words   |  7 PagesArgument ABSTRACT: I intend to present Kants refutation of the ontological argument as confronted by Hegels critique of Kants refutation. The ontological argument can be exposed in a syllogistic way: everything I conceive as belonging clearly and distinctly to the nature or essence of something can be asserted as true of something. I perceive clearly and distinctly that existence belongs to the nature or essence of a perfect being; therefore, existence can be stated as true of a supremely perfectRead MoreCritique of Judgement Summary829 Words   |  4 Pagesscientific work even though we would be wrong to assume that teleological principles are actually at work in nature. Analysis While much of what Kant writes about aesthetics might strike us now as a bit dated, his work is historically very significant. Kant’s Third Critique is one of the early works in the field of aesthetics and one of the most important treatises on the subject ever written. Aesthetics differs from literary criticism and art criticism, which have existed for millennia, in that it attemptsRead MorePerfect Island Objection by Anselm of Canterbury1504 Words   |  7 Pagesthe basis that there exists a fundamental dissimilarity between the concept of existence in our minds, and that of existence in reality. This essay will present two objections to Anselm’s Ontological argument, namely, the ‘Perfect Island Objection’ and the ‘Existence is not a Predicate’ objection, whilst also discussing possible responses to these objections. The Ontological Argument sets out to prove the existence of God, as defined by Anselm as ‘something than which nothing greater can be conceived’Read More The Problem of Evil Essay examples5683 Words   |  23 PagesIs there any satisfactory way of reconciling the existence of an omnipotent and all-loving God with the existence of natural evil (i.e. evil not due to the misuse of human free will)? One of the central claims of the Judaeo-Christian tradition is the existence of an omnipotent and all-loving God. Against this is the observation that people and animals suffer evil. By common sense, we would infer from this observation that God, as conceived in this tradition, does not exist - for, if He did, He would

Mr. Wilsons Symptoms With Bipolar Affective Disorder

Mr. Wilson is a 68 year-old, has never married and has no children, he currently lives with his brother in a rented unit. He has diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) with comorbidities (diabetes and hypertension) for 4 years, Mr. Wilson responded well to ECT treatment during a previous admission. On this occasion, he presents an episode of depression. His perception symptom include with low in mood, poor sleep, poor appetite, loneliness, irritability, and a feeling of hopelessness. Mr. Wilson admits to forgetting to take medication for the last 2 weeks. After the first week of admission, Mr. Wilson’s depressive symptoms did not improve. He was observed to stay in the bedroom most of time and lack of motivation to care for†¦show more content†¦Each of these clusters are interrelated one problem causing another problem for Mr. Wilson. To start with this case study, Mr. Wilson presents a recurrent bipolar depression, for his welfares, the recovery model will be beneficial to manage Mr. Wilson’s clinical management within advanced nursing care. The three relevant symptom clusters are associated with the patient’s life experiences. The principle of recovery model (RM) is that each individual consumer is perceived as unique and personal especially, the model emphases on what the individual consumer can do, how she/he can regain control her/his recovery when the person experiences mental distress, therefore, mental health professional facilitate patient-centered management and function-based goal achievement (McKenna, 2011). Three interrelated components for promoting recovery consist of facilitating personal adaptation, promoting access and inclusion and developing hope-inspiring relationship (Bennett, Breeze, Neilson, 2014). This model has been applied to Mr. Wilson and to some extent, utilizing patient centred care and notion of recovery guides the management of his symptoms. For example Mr. Wilson would regularly sit down with me to discuss his immediate and long term needs. I orientate him to what he needs for his daily living activities. The interdisciplinary team model also provides a guide to organize his care from each of the disciplines. These include occupational therapist, an